Search results
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver ...
Types of Toxic Effects. Many factors play a potential role in toxicity. The dosage (or amount of exposure) is the most important factor. A well-known saying, "the dose makes the poison" speaks to this principle. Toxicity can result from adverse cellular, biochemical, or macromolecular
Feb 20, 2023 · Side effect and toxic effect are two subclasses of adverse drug effects [1]. But often these terms ‘side effect’ and ‘toxic effect’ are used interchangeably. When a patient administers a drug, two types of effects occur therapeutically desired effects and undesired effects.
Is damaged by a toxic substance A target organ is an organ in which a substance exerts a toxic effect. 2. What are the important factors that influence the degree of toxicity of a substance? Innate chemical activity, form, dosage, and exposure route. The species, life stage, gender, health status, nutritional status, and circadian rhythms of ...
Learn how toxicology studies the harmful effects of chemicals, substances, or situations on people, animals, and the environment. Find out how NIEHS supports toxicology research, training, and communication to prevent or reduce toxic exposures and diseases.
Poisoning is the harmful effect that occurs when a toxic substance is swallowed, is inhaled, or comes in contact with the skin, eyes, or mucous membranes, such as those of the mouth or nose. Possible poisonous substances include prescription and over-the-counter drugs, illicit drugs, gases, chemicals, vitamins, food, mushrooms, plants, and ...
Toxicity can result from adverse cellular, biochemical, or macromolecular changes. Some chemicals affect only specific target organs ; others can damage any cell or tissue they contact. Chemicals can affect organisms by multiple mechanisms and at the molecular level, leading to modern approaches such as Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) and ...
