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The Idrisid dynasty or Idrisids (Arabic: الأدارسة al-Adārisah) were an Arab Muslim dynasty from 788 to 974, ruling most of present-day Morocco and parts of present-day western Algeria. Named after the founder, Idris I, the Idrisids were an Alid dynasty descended from Muhammad through his grandson Hasan.
Idrīsid dynasty, Arab Muslim dynasty that ruled in Morocco from 789 until 921. The founder, Idrīs I (Idrīs ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥasan II), who reigned 789–791 at Walīla, was a sharif, or princely descendant of Muhammad, and was one of the few survivors of the battle of Fakhkh, in which many of the ʿAlids were slain by the ʿAbbāsids.
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Origins
The founder of the dynasty was Idris ibn Abdallah (788-791), who traced his ancestry back to Ali ibn Abi Talib and his wife Fatima, daughter of the Prophet Muhammad. As a Sayyid Shi'a he was persecuted by the Abbasids and fled to the Maghreb in 786, settling initially in modern-day Tangier. In 788, he was invited by the chief of a tribal confederacy known as the Awraba to help Islamize the government. Moving to Walila, he was recognized as Imam, the preferred Shi'a title for the leader of the...
Consolidation
His son Idris II (791-828), then a small child, was proclaimed Imam in succession. From 809, Idris I made Fez, already colonized by his father, as his royal residence and capital. This became an important center of Islamic learning and culture not only in the region but also beyond. Its academy or university dates from 859, and attracted scholars from throughout the Muslim world and even from beyond, including some Christians and Jews. Its founder was a woman, Fatima Alfehri. Some of the most...
Decline
Under Muhammad (828-836) the kingdom was divided amongst eight brothers, which produced several Idrisid statelets in northern Morocco. This led to intensified power struggles and eventually to the weakening and decline of the dynasty. Even when the realm was reunified under Yahya IV (904-917), it still lost significance through internal strife and attacks from the Fatimid dynasty, aided by their local Miknasa allies. From 909 until 1171, the Shi'a Fatimids claimed to be the legitimate rulers...
After defeats by the Fatimids in 917-920 the Idrisids were driven from Fez and control given to the Miknasa. Hassan I al-Hajam managed to wrest control of Fez for a couple of years but he was the last of the dynasty to hold power there. Only with the support of the Umayyad Caliphs of Cordoba could the dynasty subsequently hold out against the Fatim...
Idris I - (788-791)Idris II - (791-828)Muhammad ibn Idris - (828-836)Ali ibn Idris, known as "Ali I" - (836-848)The establishment of a strong central government that takes priority over tribal leadership, based on the Sharifian claim to legitimacy, continues in the form of the Moroccan monarchy. The cultural and religious vitality of Islam in this corner of Africais also an enduring aspect of the Idrisid legacy. Fez's role as an important center of learning ...
Esposito, John L (ed.). The Oxford History of Islam. NY: Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0195107999Idn Khaldun, Dawood, N. J. (ed.), and Franz Rosentha (translator). The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004 ISBN 978-0691120546McEvedy, Colin (Author), and David Woodroffe (Illustrator). The New Penguin Atlas of Medieval History. NY: Penguin, 1992. ISBN 978-0140512496Ochsenwald, William and Sydney Nettleton Fisher. The Middle East: A History. NY: McGraw-Hill, 2004. ISBN 978-0072442335Learn about the first independent Islamic dynasty in Morocco, founded by Mulay Idris ibn Abdullah in the eighth century. Explore its history, culture, and legacy through various reference entries and related items.
Idris (I) ibn Abd Allah (Arabic: إدريس بن عبد الله, romanized: Idrīs ibn ʿAbd Allāh; d. 791), also known as Idris the Elder (Arabic: إدريس الأكبر, romanized: Idrīs al-Akbar), was a Hasanid and the founder of the Idrisid dynasty in part of northern Morocco, after fleeing the Hejaz as a result of the Battle ...
Jun 29, 2022 · Learn how the Idrisids, a descendant of Prophet Muhammad, unified Morocco in the 8th century and spread Islam across the region. Discover their legacy in Fez, education, and sharifianism.
The Idrisid dynasty or Idrisids were an Arab Muslim dynasty from 788 to 974, ruling most of present-day Morocco and parts of present-day western Algeria. Named after the founder, Idris I, the Idrisids were an Alid dynasty descended from Muhammad through his grandson Hasan.
