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John Milton Hay (October 8, 1838 – July 1, 1905) was an American statesman and official whose career in government stretched over almost half a century. Beginning as a private secretary and an assistant for Abraham Lincoln, he became a diplomat.
John Hay was the U.S. secretary of state (1898–1905) who skillfully guided the diplomacy of his country during the critical period of its emergence as a great power; he is particularly associated with the Open Door policy toward China.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Aug 22, 2019 · John Hay was a diplomat, writer, and secretary of state who served under Lincoln, McKinley, and Roosevelt. He advocated for the Open Door policy in China and the Panama Canal, and co-wrote a biography of Lincoln.
The Open Door policy began with the issuance of a circular (diplomatic note) by U.S. Secretary of State John Hay to Great Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, and Russia on September 6, 1899. Hay issued a second circular to the same countries on July 3, 1900.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- The Open Door policy was a statement of principles initiated by the United States in 1899 and 1900. It called for protection of equal privileges fo...
- The Open Door policy was drafted by the United States about activity in China. The policy supported equal privileges for all the countries trading...
- The Open Door policy—first initiated in 1899, with a follow-up missive in 1900—was significant in its attempt by the United States to establish an...
- The Open Door policy was doomed by changes on the international stage in the mid-20th century. In particular, Japan’s defeat in 1945 in the Second...
Learn how Secretary of State John Hay promoted the principle of equal opportunity for trade and commerce in China in 1899-1900, and how he responded to the Boxer Rebellion. Explore the historical context, sources, and legacy of the Open Door Notes.
John Milton Hay (October 8, 1838 – July 1, 1905) was an American statesman, diplomat, author, journalist, and private secretary and assistant to Abraham Lincoln. He was a staunch supporter of the Union and of the emancipation of slaves.
Mar 15, 2014 · Two men, John Hay and John Nicolay, can claim much of the credit for the popular image of Abraham Lincoln as the noble leader and shrewd political operator that's embraced by most Americans...
