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Gratian (Latin: Gratianus; 18 April 359 – 25 August 383) was emperor of the Western Roman Empire from 367 to 383. The eldest son of Valentinian I, Gratian was raised to the rank of Augustus as a child and inherited the West after his father's death in 375.
Gratian's work was an attempt, using early scholastic method, to reconcile seemingly contradictory canons from previous centuries. Gratian quoted a great number of authorities, including the Bible, papal and conciliar legislation, church fathers such as Augustine of Hippo, and secular law in his
Gratian (born 11th century, Carraria-Ficulle?, Tuscany [Italy]—died before 1159, Bologna?) was an Italian monk who was the father of the study of canon law. His writing and teaching initiated canon law as a new branch of learning distinct from theology.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Gratian (born 359, Sirmium, Pannonia [now Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia]—died August 25, 383, Lugdunum, Lugdunensis [now Lyon, France]) was a Roman emperor from 367 to 383. During part of his reign he shared this office with his father, Valentinian I (reigned 364–375), and his uncle Valens (reigned 364–378).
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Jan 4, 2021 · Learn about Gratian, the son of Valentinian I and co-emperor with his brother Valentinian II. Find out how he ruled in the west, campaigned against the Alemanni and Visigoths, and was assassinated by a traitor.
Learn about the life and reign of Gratian, the western emperor who ruled from 367 to 383. Find out how he faced barbarian invasions, religious controversies, and a rival usurper.
Gratian was a young man of high moral character, but he lacked the qualities of leadership, above all, the power of independent, firm, and prompt decision, that were required of an emperor in that turbulent age.
