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Relative density, also called specific gravity, [1] [2] is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material.
Learn what is specific gravity, how to calculate it, and how it relates to density and buoyancy. Find out the specific gravity of common substances, gases, and applications of specific gravity in physics and chemistry.
- 6 min
Specific Gravity (Relative Density) - SG - is a dimensionless unit defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water - at a specified temperature and can be expressed as. SG = ρ substance / ρ H2O (2) where SG = Specific Gravity of the substance ρ substance = density of the fluid or substance [kg/m 3]
specific gravity, ratio of the density of a substance to that of a standard substance. The usual standard of comparison for solids and liquids is water at 4 °C (39.2 °F), which has a density of 1.0 kg per litre (62.4 pounds per cubic foot).
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Jan 25, 2020 · Specific gravity, often abbreviated as GE or SG, is a measurement that compares the density of a substance to the density of water at a specific temperature and pressure. In other words, specific gravity tells us how much denser or less dense a material is compared to water.
Jun 12, 2024 · Learn how to calculate specific gravity, a unitless ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water at 4\\ \\mathrm {\\degree C} 4 °C. Use the calculator to find the specific gravity, density, and buoyancy of any material.
Specific gravity is the ratio of the object's density to the density of water, i.e.: \begin{equation} \text { Specific gravity }=\frac{\text { Density of an object }}{\text { Density of water }}\nonumber
