Search results
DNA Engineering offer a vast array of security systems ranging from simple single-camera installation to large fully integrated town centre systems. We offer complete security solutions with features like real time theft prevention more…
- About Us
DNA is ISO Certified 9001:2008, BS OHSAS 18001:2007 and...
- Products
At DNA Engineering, we have pioneered and excelled in...
- Brands
Brands - DNA – Sound, Security, Communication, Advance Care...
- Service and Maintenance
Service and Maintenance - DNA – Sound, Security,...
- Contact
Contact - DNA – Sound, Security, Communication, Advance Care...
- INTRUSION DETECTION
At DNA Engineering, we have an extensive range of qualified...
- AUDIO VISUAL SYSTEMS INTEGRATION
AUDIO VISUAL SYSTEMS INTEGRATION - DNA – Sound, Security,...
- INTEGRATED ACCESS CONTROL
INTEGRATED ACCESS CONTROL - DNA – Sound, Security,...
- About Us
- Overview
- Historical developments
genetic engineering, the artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid molecules in order to modify an organism or population of organisms. The term genetic engineering is generally used to refer to methods of recombinant DNA technology, which emerged from basic research in microbial genetics. The techniques ...
The term genetic engineering initially referred to various techniques used for the modification or manipulation of organisms through the processes of heredity and reproduction. As such, the term embraced both artificial selection and all the interventions of biomedical techniques, among them artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization (e.g., “test-tube” babies), cloning, and gene manipulation. In the latter part of the 20th century, however, the term came to refer more specifically to methods of recombinant DNA technology (or gene cloning), in which DNA molecules from two or more sources are combined either within cells or in vitro and are then inserted into host organisms in which they are able to propagate.
The possibility for recombinant DNA technology emerged with the discovery of restriction enzymes in 1968 by Swiss microbiologist Werner Arber. The following year American microbiologist Hamilton O. Smith purified so-called type II restriction enzymes, which were found to be essential to genetic engineering for their ability to cleave a specific site within the DNA (as opposed to type I restriction enzymes, which cleave DNA at random sites). Drawing on Smith’s work, American molecular biologist Daniel Nathans helped advance the technique of DNA recombination in 1970–71 and demonstrated that type II enzymes could be useful in genetic studies. Genetic engineering based on recombination was pioneered in 1973 by American biochemists Stanley N. Cohen and Herbert W. Boyer, who were among the first to cut DNA into fragments, rejoin different fragments, and insert the new genes into E. coli bacteria, which then reproduced.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Genetic engineering is a process that alters the genetic structure of an organism by either removing or introducing DNA, or modifying existing genetic material in situ. Unlike traditional animal and plant breeding , which involves doing multiple crosses and then selecting for the organism with the desired phenotype , genetic ...
May 27, 2024 · Genetic engineering has advanced the understanding of many theoretical and practical aspects of gene function and organization. Through recombinant DNA techniques, bacteria have been created that are capable of synthesizing human insulin, human growth hormone, alpha interferon, a hepatitis B vaccine, and other medically useful substances.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
2 days ago · Genetic engineering (also called genetic modification) is a process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism. This may involve changing a single base pair (A-T or C-G), deleting a region of DNA or adding a new segment of DNA.
Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of DNA to alter an organism’s characteristics. Learn how genetic engineering works, what tools are used and what it is used for in agriculture, medicine and research.
Techniques have been devised to insert, delete, and modify DNA at multiple levels, ranging from a specific base pair in a specific gene to entire genes. There are a number of steps that are followed before a genetically modified organism (GMO) is created.
