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Abdulhamid or Abdul Hamid II ( Ottoman Turkish: عبد الحميد ثانی, romanized : Abd ul-Hamid-i s̱ānī; Turkish: II. Abdülhamid; 21 September 1842 – 10 February 1918) was the 34th sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1876 to 1909, and the last sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state. [3] .
May 10, 2024 · Abdulhamid II, Ottoman sultan from 1876 to 1909, under whose autocratic rule the reform movement of Tanzimat (Reorganization) reached its climax and who adopted a policy of pan-Islamism in opposition to Western intervention in Ottoman affairs. He was deposed after the Young Turk Revolution.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Abdul Hamid II (1842-1918) was the son of Sultan Abdul Majid (1823-1861) and a Circassian mother. As a child, he received an education worthy of a caliph and Sultan. His tutors included some of the leading ulema and shaykhs of Istanbul. He was well versed in the Qur’an, the Sunnah of the Prophet and in the Hanafi school of Fiqh.
Mar 29, 2024 · Learn about the life and legacy of Abdulhamid II, the last Ottoman sultan who tried to modernise and unite his empire through autocratic and pan-Islamic policies. Find out how he was overthrown by the Young Turks in 1908 and how his reign shaped Turkey's history.
Jun 5, 2024 · Ottoman Empire - Abdulhamid II, Reforms, Autocracy: The reign of Abdülhamid II (1876–1909) is often regarded as having been a reaction against the Tanzimat, but, insofar as the essence of the Tanzimat reforms was centralization rather than liberalization, Abdülhamid may be seen as its fulfiller rather than its destroyer.
Abdülhamid II was the last Ottoman Sultan to rule with absolute power. He saw the loss of the Balkans and of Cyprus, amassed crippling debts and moved the Empire into what proved to be a disastrous alliance with Germany.
A biography of the Ottoman sultan who ruled from 1876 to 1909 and faced constitutional, economic, and nationalist challenges. Learn about his reign, his reforms, his exile, and his legacy.
