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The moment of inertia plays the role in rotational kinetics that mass (inertia) plays in linear kinetics—both characterize the resistance of a body to changes in its motion. The moment of inertia depends on how mass is distributed around an axis of rotation, and will vary depending on the chosen axis.
Aug 2, 2023 · Moment of inertia, also known as rotational inertia or angular mass, is a physical quantity that resists a rigid body’s rotational motion. It is analogous to mass in translational motion. It determines the torque required to rotate an object by a given angular acceleration.
In this subsection, we show how to calculate the moment of inertia for several standard types of objects, as well as how to use known moments of inertia to find the moment of inertia for a shifted axis or for a compound object.
moment of inertia, in physics, quantitative measure of the rotational inertia of a body—i.e., the opposition that the body exhibits to having its speed of rotation about an axis altered by the application of a torque (turning force). The axis may be internal or external and may or may not be fixed.
Moment of inertia, denoted by I, measures the extent to which an object resists rotational acceleration about a particular axis, it is the rotational analogue to mass (which determines an object's resistance to linear acceleration ). The moments of inertia of a mass have units of dimension ML 2 ( [mass] × [length] 2 ).
Moment of Inertia - Understand the concepts of the moment of inertia of a system of particles and rigid bodies. MOI of a ring, circular plate, spherical shell, solid sphere and other objects.
Moment of inertia also known as the angular mass or rotational inertia can be defined w.r.t. rotation axis, as a quantity that decides the amount of torque required for a desired angular acceleration or a property of a body due to which it resists angular acceleration.
In this section, we show how to calculate the moment of inertia for several standard types of objects, as well as how to use known moments of inertia to find the moment of inertia for a shifted axis or for a compound object.
For example, the moment of inertia of a rod of length L and mass m around an axis through its center perpendicular to the rod is \(\frac{1}{12}mL^2\), whereas the moment of inertia around an axis perpendicular to the rod but located at one of its ends is \(\frac{1}{3}mL^2\).
The moment of inertia about an axis parallel to the \ (z\) axis and that goes through that point, \ (I_h\) is given by: \ [\begin {aligned} I_h = \sum_i m_i r_i^2\end {aligned}\] where \ (m_i\) is a mass element of the object located at a distance \ (r_i\) from the axis of rotation.
