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- Dictionarycivilization/ˌsɪvəlʌɪˈzeɪʃn/
noun
- 1. the stage of human social and cultural development and organization that is considered most advanced: "the Victorians equated the railways with progress and civilization" Similar
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Civilizations are traditionally understood as ending in one of two ways; either through incorporation into another expanding civilization (e.g. as Ancient Egypt was incorporated into Hellenistic Greek, and subsequently Roman civilizations), or by collapsing and reverting to a simpler form of living, as happens in so-called Dark Ages.
Explore the alphabetically ordered list of ancient civilizations from around the world, including types of cultures, traditions, and industries. Learn about the Olmecs, the first elaborate pre-Columbian civilization of Mesoamerica, and their art, writing, and influence.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Oct 23, 2023 · Learn about the definition, history, and challenges of the term civilization, and how it has been applied to different societies around the world. Explore the examples of ancient and modern civilizations, and their cultural and technological achievements.
Aug 16, 2022 · Civilization (from the Latin civis =citizen and civitas = city) is a term applied to any society which has developed a writing system, government, production of surplus food, division of labor, and urbanization. The term is difficult to define because not all 'civilizations' include every one of the above facets.
- Joshua J. Mark
- The central features of a civilization are: a writing system, government, surplus food, division of labor, and urbanization.
- The first civilizations were the Indus Valley Civilization, Mesopotamia's Sumerian Civilization, and the ancient Egyptian Civilization.
- Mesopotamia is the oldest civilization in recorded history.
- "Civilization" comes from the Latin words civis (citizen) and civitas (city) and refers to a highly developed culture. The term was first coined in...
- Lesley Kennedy
- 11 min
- Mesopotamia, 4000-3500 B.C. Meaning “between two rivers” in Greek, Mesopotamia (located in modern-day Iraq, Kuwait and Syria) is considered the birthplace of civilization.
- Ancient Egypt, 3100 B.C. The pyramids of Giza, c. 2600 B.C. They are the oldest of the so-called Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Perhaps the most romanticized of past civilizations, ancient Egypt stood as one of history’s most powerful empires for more than 3,000 years.
- Ancient India, 3300 B.C. In ancient India, where Hinduism was founded, religion held great importance, Harl says, along with great literary traditions and incredible architecture.
- Ancient China, 2000 B.C. A Xia-era miniature bronze bell, c. 2100 B.C. The ancient Chinese are credited with inventions including the abacus and the sundial.
Mar 6, 2024 · Learn what defines a civilization and how it developed in different regions of the world. Explore the characteristics of urbanization, monuments, communication, administration, and division of labor in civilizations.
Civilization is a complex and diverse phenomenon that involves urban settlements, culture, and social organization. Learn about the origins, characteristics, and patterns of civilizations from various regions and periods of history.
