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  1. Mar 9, 2023 · Avi Kapach is a writer, scholar, and educator who received his PhD in Classics from Brown University. The Erinyes (“Furies”) were terrifying sisters who acted as goddesses of vengeance and retribution. From their grim home in the Underworld, the Erinyes punished crimes that violated the natural order—especially offenses against family ...

  2. mythopedia.com › topics › eumenidesEumenides - Mythopedia

    May 2, 2023 · The Eumenides is an Attic tragedy by Aeschylus, one of the most famous tragedians of classical Athens. It was originally staged in 458 BCE at the City Dionysia, an annual dramatic festival in which playwrights would compete to entertain the citizens of Athens. It serves as the final play of the Oresteia, a trilogy of connected tragedies ...

  3. Mar 9, 2023 · Other sources further specified that it was the Moirae who instructed the Erinyes (the Furies”) on which mortals were to be punished for their crimes. Eventually, the Moirae became identified with Heimarmene—a concept advanced by various philosophers, from the Presocratics to the Stoics, that morphed into a kind of universal fate or chain of causation.

  4. Aug 18, 2023 · Agamemnon’s murder was soon avenged by his son Orestes, who killed both Aegisthus and his mother Clytemnestra for their crimes. But Orestes was pursued afterwards by the Erinyes (also known as the Furies”), goddesses responsible for punishing wrongdoing and blood-guilt. Clytemnestra appeared frequently in ancient literature.

  5. Nov 29, 2022 · These included Hades’ queen, Persephone; Charon, the ferryman of the dead; the Erinyes, who mercilessly punished sinners; and the Moirae, who ensured that every mortal lived out his life according to his fate. In ancient Greek religion, the Underworld gods were classed among the “chthonic” gods. Unlike the Olympians, who were associated ...

  6. mythopedia.com › topics › hadesHades – Mythopedia

    Dec 7, 2022 · Hades was sometimes said to have fathered several mythical figures, among them the Erinyes (also called “the Furies”), female spirits of vengeance and punishment; Zagreus, a mysterious chthonic deity; Melinoe, another chthonic deity; and Macaria, an Underworld deity associated with the fortunate dead. Parents

  7. mythopedia.com › topics › zeusZeus - Mythopedia

    Sep 20, 2023 · Zeus was the supreme god of the Greeks, a mighty deity who meted out justice from atop Mount Olympus. Hailed as the father of both mortals and immortals, Zeus was the god of the sky and weather, but was also connected with law and order, the city, and the household. The numerous other gods of the Greek pantheon were all subordinate to Zeus, and ...

  8. May 20, 2023 · Overview. Castor and Pollux (or Polydeuces)—also known as the Dioscuri—were heroic twin brothers from Sparta. They were both sons of Leda, the queen of Sparta, though they had different fathers: Castor’s father was Leda’s husband Tyndareus, while Pollux’s father was Zeus, the king of the gods. The Dioscuri participated in a number of ...

  9. mythopedia.com › topics › tartarusTartarus - Mythopedia

    Mar 9, 2023 · Murky Tartarus was one of the first entities to come into existence, together with Chaos, Gaia, and Eros. He was one of the mysterious primordial gods and represented the deepest part of the Underworld. Located far below even Hades, Tartarus was a dreaded place of darkness and punishment reserved for only the most nefarious sinners—sinners ...

  10. Mar 23, 2023 · The Harpies were winged female monsters, said to be descended from the sea god Thaumas and the Oceanid Electra (though there were many alternative versions of their lineage). They represented storms and storm winds that were powerful enough to snatch people from the earth. Early sources spoke of two Harpies, while later texts often added a ...