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Logic studies valid forms of inference like modus ponens. Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises due to the structure of arguments alone, independent of their topic and content.
Learn the meaning, synonyms, examples, and history of the word logic, which refers to the science of reasoning or the mode of thinking. Find out how logic is related to logistics and other words derived from logos.
Learn the meaning of logic as a way of thinking or a formal method of examining ideas. See how logic is used in different contexts, such as business, IT, and cosmology, with examples and collocations.
- Introduction
- Logical Sentences
- Logical Entailment
- Logical Proofs
- Symbolic Logic
- Automation
- Reading Guide
- Recap
- Exercises
- GeneratedCaptionsTabForHeroSec
Logic. It is one of the oldest intellectual disciplines in human history. It has been studied through the centuries, by Gottfried Leibniz, George Boole, Charles Babbage and Lady Lovelace, Russell and Whitehead, and others. And it is still a subject of active investigation today. We use Logic in just about everything we do. We use it in our professi...
For many, Logic is an esoteric subject. It is used primarily by mathematicians in proving complicated theorems in geometry or number theory. It is all about writing formal proofs to be published in scholarly papers that have little to do with everyday life. Nothing could be further from the truth. Consider the interpersonal relations of a small gro...
Once we know which world is correct, we can find that some sentences must be true even though they are not mentioned in the premises we are given. For example, in the first world we saw above, everybody likes somebody even though we are not told that fact explicitly. Unfortunately, things are not always so simple. Although logical sentences can som...
One way to check whether a set of sentences logically entails a conclusion is to examine the set of all worlds in which the given sentences are true. Unfortunately, determining logical entailment by checking all possible worlds is impractical in general. There are usually many, many possible worlds. Moreover, in some cases the number of possible wo...
So far, we have illustrated everything with sentences in English. While natural language works well in many circumstances, it is not without its problems. Natural language sentences can be complex; they can be ambiguous; and failing to understand the meaning of a sentence can lead to errors in reasoning. As an example of ambiguity, suppose I were t...
The existence of a formal language for representing information and the existence of a corresponding set of mechanical manipulation rules together have an important consequence, viz. the possibility of automated reasoningusing digital computers. The idea is simple. We use our formal representation to encode the premises of a problem as data structu...
Although Logic is a single field of study, there is more than one logic in this field. In the three main units of this book, we look at three different types of logic, each more sophisticated than the one before. Propositional Logic is the logic of propositions. Symbols in the language represent "conditions" in the world, and complex sentences in t...
Logic is the study of information encoded in the form of logical sentences. Each logical sentence divides the set of all possible world into two subsets - the set of worlds in which the sentence is true and the set of worlds in which the set of sentences is false. A set of premises logically entails a conclusion if and only if the conclusion is tru...
Exercise 1.1:Consider the state of the Sorority World depicted below. For each of the following sentences, say whether or not it is true in this state of the world. Exercise 1.2:Consider the state of the Sorority World depicted below. For each of the following sentences, say whether or not it is true in this state of the world. Exercise 1.3:Conside...
Learn the basics of Logic, a subject that is important for many disciplines and everyday life. This chapter covers logical sentences, logical entailment, and logical proofs with examples and exercises.
Jun 20, 2024 · Logic is the study of correct reasoning, especially as it involves the drawing of inferences. Learn about the basic concepts, rules, and fields of logic, such as deductive, inductive, formal, and applied logic.
Logic is the discipline that aims to distinguish good, correct reasoning from bad, incorrect reasoning. Learn the basic notions of logic, such as propositions, arguments, premises, conclusions, and logical rules.
the science that investigates the principles governing correct or reliable inference. a particular method of reasoning or argumentation: We were unable to follow his logic. the system or principles of reasoning applicable to any branch of knowledge or study.
