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Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean.
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Peru, country in western South America. Except for the Lake Titicaca basin in the southeast, its borders lie in sparsely populated zones. The boundaries with Colombia to the northeast and Brazil to the east traverse lower ranges or tropical forests, whereas the borders with Bolivia to the southeast, Chile to the south, and Ecuador to the northwest run across the high Andes. To the west, territorial waters, reaching 200 miles (320 km) into the Pacific Ocean, are claimed by Peru.
Peru is essentially a tropical country, with its northern tip nearly touching the Equator. Despite its tropical location, a great diversity of climates, ways of life, and economic activities is brought about by the extremes of elevation and by the southwest winds that sweep in across the cold Peru Current (or Humboldt Current), which flows along its Pacific shoreline. The immense difficulties of travel posed by the Andes have long impeded national unity. Iquitos, on the upper Amazon, lies only about 600 miles (965 km) northeast of Lima, the capital, but, before the airplane, travelers between the cities often chose a 7,000-mile (11,250-km) trip via the Amazon, the Atlantic and Caribbean, the Isthmus of Panama, and the Pacific, rather than the shorter mountain route.
Peru is traditionally described in terms of three broad longitudinal regions: the arid Costa on the west; the rugged Sierra, or Andes, system in the centre; and the wet and forested Amazonia—the tropical Amazon Basin—on the east.
Britannica Quiz
- Machu Picchu. Best for trekking. One of the New Seven Wonders of the World and Peru’s greatest claim to tourism fame, Machu Picchu lives up to its hype as a mystical and awe-inspiring 15th-century archaeological site.
- Caral. Best for desert explorers. It is mind-boggling how few tourists make it to the ancient city of Caral, built around 5000 years ago and impressively conserved.
- Kuelap. Best for archaeology enthusiasts. In the Amazonas region of northern Peru, a walled settlement known as Kuélap has stood among the clouds since the 7th century.
- The Sacred Valley. Best for handicrafts. The heart of the Inca Empire, the Sacred Valley (Valle Sagrado) is indeed the gateway to Machu Picchu, but what rushed travelers often overlook are the villages cradled within the valley that are home to lesser-known archaeological sites, first-rate artisan workshops and living cultures of the Peruvian highlands.
Throughout Peru you can find marvelous vestiges of the past that astonish the world’s travelers. Machu Picchu is a must-see destination, but Peru is also home to Kuelap and Chavin de Huantar, Caral and Chan Chan , the Nasca Lines and Sipan … and we could name even more!
Jun 27, 2023 · Located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean is, Lima - the capital, the largest and the most populous city of Peru. Lima is also the 4th largest city in South America and the 2nd largest city in the Americas. It is the administrative, cultural, educational, commercial and economic hub of the nation.
- Lima
- Republic of Peru
- 1,279,996.00 km 2
- 1,285,216.00 km 2
Nov 26, 2023 · Learn about Peru's culture, climate, currency, cuisine and more before you go. Find out how to book tickets for Machu Picchu, Huayna Picchu and the Inca Trail, and what to expect from Peruvian time and greetings.
Explore Peru's diverse and rich culture, nature and history with Lonely Planet's expert tips and recommendations. Find out the best time and places to visit, the top attractions, the best road trips and more.
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